Topic
50 articles
Under CFR no party must insure the cargo, so the buyer arranges cover for the sea leg. This guide explains Clause A, B and C, how to set the insured value, and the survey, notice and documents needed if goods arrive damaged.
CFR suits bulk sea shipments where the buyer insures the voyage and the seller books freight. It fits badly for containers, air freight, and buyers who need seller-bought insurance.
Under CFR, risk passes to the buyer when goods are loaded on board at the port of shipment, while the seller still pays ocean freight to the destination port. This guide follows the timeline, a tea shipment from Chattogram to Hamburg, and the claim scenarios that decide who pays for damage at sea.
FOB for small importers is a decision about who does the work after loading. This guide tests FOB against FCA, CIF, EXW and DAP for a first, small order from Bangladesh.
Seven FOB mistakes that quietly raise the cost of importing from Bangladesh, each with the fix to agree in writing before the vessel is booked.
Under FOB, risk passes when goods are on board the vessel, and neither party must insure. This guide shows buyers how to arrange cover from that point, set the insured value, and choose a cargo clause.
When risk transfers under FOB, and when it can transfer early: the on-board moment, the factory-to-vessel timeline, cost versus risk, and three claim scenarios for importers.
FAS imposes no insurance obligation on either party. This guide explains who should insure voluntarily, which cargo clause to choose, and how to set cover that spans the alongside-vessel handover.
Seven FCA mistakes importers make when buying from Bangladesh, what each one costs, and the contract fix for each, from the named place and loading to insurance, clearance and delivery proof.
FCA imposes no insurance duty on either party, so the buyer must arrange cover from the delivery point. What to insure, for how much, and the gaps to close.
When risk passes under FCA, in one place: the named-place handover, the two delivery variants, and what happens when goods are damaged before, at, or after transfer, with a worked Gazipur example.
Under EXW, no party must insure the cargo, so the buyer must arrange cover from the factory gate. Learn who insures, how to set the insured value, and how Clause A, B and C differ.
